Gasotransmitter Regulation of Ion Channels: A Key Step in O2 Sensing By the Carotid Body
نویسندگان
چکیده
Carotid bodies detect hypoxia in arterial blood, translating this stimulus into physiological responses via the CNS. It is long established that ion channels are critical to this process. More recent evidence indicates that gasotransmitters exert powerful influences on O2 sensing by the carotid body. Here, we review current understanding of hypoxia-dependent production of gasotransmitters, how they regulate ion channels in the carotid body, and how this impacts carotid body function.
منابع مشابه
Invited Review HIGHLIGHTED TOPIC Oxygen Sensing in Health and Disease Regulation of oxygen sensing by ion channels
López-Barneo, José, Raquel del Toro, Konstantin L. Levitsky, Marı́a D. Chiara, and Patricia Ortega-Sáenz. Regulation of oxygen sensing by ion channels. J Appl Physiol 96: 1187–1195, 2004; 10.1152/japplphysiol.00929.2003.—O2 sensing is of critical importance for cell survival and adaptation of living organisms to changing environments or physiological conditions. O2-sensitive ion channels are maj...
متن کاملRedox signaling in acute oxygen sensing
Acute oxygen (O2) sensing is essential for individuals to survive under hypoxic conditions. The carotid body (CB) is the main peripheral chemoreceptor, which contains excitable and O2-sensitive glomus cells with O2-regulated ion channels. Upon exposure to acute hypoxia, inhibition of K+ channels is the signal that triggers cell depolarization, transmitter release and activation of sensory fiber...
متن کاملH2S mediates O2 sensing in the carotid body.
Gaseousmessengers, nitric oxide and carbon monoxide, have been implicated in O2 sensing by the carotid body, a sensory organ that monitors arterial blood O2 levels and stimulates breathing in response to hypoxia. We now show that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a physiologic gasotransmitter of the carotid body, enhancing its sensory response to hypoxia. Glomus cells, the site of O2 sensing in the car...
متن کاملInteraction of Hydrogen Sulfide with Oxygen Sensing under Hypoxia
Based on the discovery of endogenous H2S production, many in depth studies show this gasotransmitter with a variety of physiological and pathological functions. Three enzymes, cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MST), are involved in enzymatic production of H2S. Emerging evidence has elucidated an important protective role of H2...
متن کاملAre Kv channels the essence of O2 sensing?
With the exception of anaerobes, organisms depend on oxygen for the production of energy and for biosynthetic reactions. Therefore, cells, tissues, and organisms must be able to sense and respond to changes in the oxygen concentration of their environment. The response of mammalian cells to hypoxia is crucial for their survival, allowing cells to cope with a low-oxygen environment. There are, h...
متن کامل